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Frequently Asked Questions
What is standard deviation?
Standard deviation measures how spread out numbers are from the mean. A low SD means data points are clustered close to the mean. A high SD means data is widely spread. It's used in statistics, finance, science, and quality control.
Sample vs population standard deviation?
Sample SD (s) divides by n-1 and is used when your data is a sample from a larger population. Population SD (σ) divides by n and is used when you have the entire population. For most real-world data analysis, use sample SD.
What is variance?
Variance is the square of standard deviation. It measures the average squared distance from the mean. Standard deviation is preferred for interpretation because it's in the same units as the original data.